Year: 2021 | Month: April | Volume 11 | Issue 2

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine Mastitis for Biofilm Formation

K. Vijayakumar Krupa Rose Jose
DOI:10.30954/2277-940X.02.2021.4

Abstract:

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major contagious pathogen responsible for both the clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle all over the world. The ability of S. aureus to form biofilm is considered to be a major virulence factor influencing its pathogenesis. In addition, it often creates intricacy in treatment of bovine mastitis using conventional antibiotics and produce recalcitrant drug resistant infections. This indeed demands urgent remedial measures as outbreaks of livestock associated methicillin resistant S. aureus (LA-MRSA) and community associated methicillin resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) are on the rise and currently being implicated as a rapidly emerging cause of numerous life threatening and therapy refractory human infections as well. In this study, a total of 22 S. aureus isolates from bovine clinical mastitis were evaluated for their ability to form biofilm by using phenotypic and genotypic methods. Using Congo red agar method, 9.09 per cent and 22.72 per cent of S. aureus were considered as strong and intermediate biofilm producers respectively. The presence of icaA and eno genes associated with biofilm formation was confirmed by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study indicates a high prevalence of the ica (63.63 per cent) and eno (100 per cent) genes among S. aureus isolates from bovine mastitis.

Highlights

  • The mere presence of biofilm associated genes is not always associated with in vitro biofilm formation.
  • A combination of phenotypic and genotypic tests is recommended for the investigation of biofilm formation


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